Construction managers
AI can help with a few sub-tasks (emails, paperwork), but the core of the job doesn't change.
Exposure is not job loss: it shows how much of the work generative AI could do today. Whether that turns into transformation, productivity gains or cuts depends on employers, regulation — and on you.
0 = today’s generative AI cannot perform any of the job’s tasks, 100 = it could do all of them fully. The pale band is the spread across tasks.
Work out your own score ↓What can you do?
The AI analysis for this occupation is still being prepared — the background process covers a few occupations every day.
Task by task
The ILO scored every task of the occupation separately, as the average of two AI models (GPT-4o and Gemini). The pale band is the range between the two models' scores, the dot the ILO's final score (for a few tasks expert review placed it outside the band).
- Preparing tenders and contract bids46
- Operating and implementing coordinated work programmes for sites39
- Establishing and managing budgets, controlling expenditure and ensuring the efficient use of resources39
- Interpreting architectural drawings and specifications37
- Coordinating labour resources and procurement and delivery of materials, plant and equipment36
- Arranging submission of plans to local authorities34
- Arranging building inspections by relevant authorities32
- Ensuring adherence to building legislation and standards of performance, quality, cost and safety29
- Overseeing the selection, training and performance of staff and subcontractors28
- Negotiating with building owners, property developers and subcontractors involved in the construction process to ensure projects are completed on time and within budget28
- Building under contract, or subcontracting specialized building services26
How much does it affect you?
Every job is different: mark which of these tasks you do and how much, and we'll compute your own, time-weighted score.
For each task: I don't do it · sometimes · most of my job.
- Preparing tenders and contract bids(46)
- Operating and implementing coordinated work programmes for sites(39)
- Establishing and managing budgets, controlling expenditure and ensuring the efficient use of resources(39)
- Interpreting architectural drawings and specifications(37)
- Coordinating labour resources and procurement and delivery of materials, plant and equipment(36)
- Arranging submission of plans to local authorities(34)
- Arranging building inspections by relevant authorities(32)
- Ensuring adherence to building legislation and standards of performance, quality, cost and safety(29)
- Overseeing the selection, training and performance of staff and subcontractors(28)
- Negotiating with building owners, property developers and subcontractors involved in the construction process to ensure projects are completed on time and within budget(28)
- Building under contract, or subcontracting specialized building services(26)
You are exactly at the occupation average. (The occupation's score: 34.)
About 0% of your working time goes to highly exposed tasks (score ≥ 50).
- • Preparing tenders and contract bids
- • Operating and implementing coordinated work programmes for sites
- • Building under contract, or subcontracting specialized building services
- • Negotiating with building owners, property developers and subcontractors involved in the construction process to ensure projects are completed on time and within budget
An estimate from the ILO task scores. Everything is computed in your browser — nothing is sent or stored.
How many people work in this occupational group?
Share of the Production and specialised services managers group in total employment, by country (Eurostat, ISCO 2-digit — 4-digit breakdowns are not public by country).
Table view
| Country | Production and specialised services managers |
|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 5.5% · 1,892 thousand · 2025 |
| Estonia | 4.6% · 32 thousand · 2025 |
| Ireland | 4.1% · 115 thousand · 2025 |
| Iceland | 3.2% · 7 thousand · 2025 |
| Croatia | 3.2% · 54 thousand · 2025 |
| Malta | 3.1% · 10 thousand · 2025 |
| Sweden | 3.0% · 158 thousand · 2025 |
| Bulgaria | 2.8% · 82 thousand · 2025 |
| Norway | 2.8% · 80 thousand · 2025 |
| Belgium | 2.7% · 140 thousand · 2025 |
| Latvia | 2.7% · 24 thousand · 2025 |
| Hungary | 2.5% · 118 thousand · 2025 |
| France | 2.5% · 728 thousand · 2025 |
| Switzerland | 2.5% · 119 thousand · 2025 |
| Netherlands | 2.4% · 238 thousand · 2025 |
| Lithuania | 2.3% · 33 thousand · 2025 |
| Poland | 2.2% · 381 thousand · 2025 |
| Portugal | 2.1% · 109 thousand · 2025 |
| Slovakia | 1.9% · 49 thousand · 2025 |
| Austria | 1.9% · 84 thousand · 2025 |
| Cyprus | 1.9% · 9 thousand · 2025 |
| Czechia | 1.7% · 91 thousand · 2025 |
| Italy | 1.4% · 341 thousand · 2025 |
| Slovenia | 1.4% · 14 thousand · 2025 |
| Germany | 1.3% · 569 thousand · 2025 |
| Finland | 1.3% · 34 thousand · 2025 |
| Spain | 1.3% · 292 thousand · 2025 |
| Denmark | 1.2% · 38 thousand · 2025 |
| Romania | 0.9% · 72 thousand · 2025 |
| Greece | 0.9% · 38 thousand · 2025 |
What do they earn?
Mean gross monthly earnings in the major occupational group (Managers). Eurostat's earnings survey only publishes pay by occupation at 1 digit, so this is the job's broader group. Enterprises with 10+ employees, 2022.
By country, at purchasing power parity (PPS/month), so countries with different price levels can be compared.
- Switzerland8,354
- Italy7,983
- Luxembourg7,683
- Belgium7,390
- Germany7,172
- Denmark6,654
- Austria6,190
- Ireland6,181
- Finland6,101
- Cyprus5,842
- Norway5,718
- Iceland5,653
- Netherlands5,508
- EU275,374
- France5,226
- Sweden4,960
- Slovenia4,808
- Spain4,699
- Czechia4,257
- Portugal4,203
- Greece4,190
- Malta4,128
- Poland4,112
- Romania4,078
- Lithuania4,031
- Hungary3,641
- Bulgaria3,559
- Croatia3,524
- Slovakia3,418
- Estonia3,290
- Latvia3,288
Source: Eurostat Structure of Earnings Survey (earn_ses22_21), every four years. The United Kingdom is not covered by the survey.
Outlook to 2035
Employment in the Production and specialised services managers group according to Cedefop's 2026 forecast.
thousand · Cedefop Skills Forecast 2026 · 2026–2035: projection
Replacement demand is the jobs left by people retiring or changing careers — even a shrinking occupation can have many openings.
Related occupations
Sources: ILO WP140 (2025) · Eurostat lfsa_egai2d · Cedefop Skills Forecast 2026 · WEF Future of Jobs 2025 · ESCO. The exposure score measures how much of an occupation's tasks generative AI could perform — not whether the job disappears. For information only, not career advice. How do we calculate this?