Legal and related associate professionals
Some tasks can be well supported by AI, but most still need human work. Transformation rather than replacement.
Exposure is not job loss: it shows how much of the work generative AI could do today. Whether that turns into transformation, productivity gains or cuts depends on employers, regulation — and on you.
0 = today’s generative AI cannot perform any of the job’s tasks, 100 = it could do all of them fully. The pale band is the spread across tasks.
Work out your own score ↓What can you do?
The AI analysis for this occupation is still being prepared — the background process covers a few occupations every day.
Task by task
The ILO scored every task of the occupation separately, as the average of two AI models (GPT-4o and Gemini). The pale band is the range between the two models' scores, the dot the ILO's final score (for a few tasks expert review placed it outside the band).
- Preparing documents relating to transfer of real estate, stocks or other matters requiring formal registration61
- Preparing legal documents including trial briefs, pleadings, appeals, wills and contracts and preparing, papers summarizing legal positions or setting out conditions of loans or insurance56
- Documenting court proceedings and judgements46
- Serving statements of claims, summonses, warrants, subpoenas and other court orders44
- Investigating facts, assembling evidence and researching relevant statutes, decisions and other legal documents to prepare cases40
- Examining documentation such as mortgages, liens, judgements, easements, contracts and maps in order to verify properties’ legal descriptions and ownership39
- Advising clients on legal matters38
- Investigating establishments or the circumstances and behaviour of persons on behalf of clients.30
- Maintaining order in court and hearing rooms20
- Investigating possible cases of theft of goods, money or information from business establishments and of other possible cases of unlawful behaviour by customers or employees19
How much does it affect you?
Every job is different: mark which of these tasks you do and how much, and we'll compute your own, time-weighted score.
For each task: I don't do it · sometimes · most of my job.
- Preparing documents relating to transfer of real estate, stocks or other matters requiring formal registration(61)
- Preparing legal documents including trial briefs, pleadings, appeals, wills and contracts and preparing, papers summarizing legal positions or setting out conditions of loans or insurance(56)
- Documenting court proceedings and judgements(46)
- Serving statements of claims, summonses, warrants, subpoenas and other court orders(44)
- Investigating facts, assembling evidence and researching relevant statutes, decisions and other legal documents to prepare cases(40)
- Examining documentation such as mortgages, liens, judgements, easements, contracts and maps in order to verify properties’ legal descriptions and ownership(39)
- Advising clients on legal matters(38)
- Investigating establishments or the circumstances and behaviour of persons on behalf of clients.(30)
- Maintaining order in court and hearing rooms(20)
- Investigating possible cases of theft of goods, money or information from business establishments and of other possible cases of unlawful behaviour by customers or employees(19)
You are exactly at the occupation average. (The occupation's score: 39.)
About 20% of your working time goes to highly exposed tasks (score ≥ 50).
- • Preparing documents relating to transfer of real estate, stocks or other matters requiring formal registration
- • Preparing legal documents including trial briefs, pleadings, appeals, wills and contracts and preparing, papers summarizing legal positions or setting out conditions of loans or insurance
- • Investigating possible cases of theft of goods, money or information from business establishments and of other possible cases of unlawful behaviour by customers or employees
- • Maintaining order in court and hearing rooms
An estimate from the ILO task scores. Everything is computed in your browser — nothing is sent or stored.
How many people work in this occupational group?
Share of the Legal, social, cultural and related associate professionals group in total employment, by country (Eurostat, ISCO 2-digit — 4-digit breakdowns are not public by country).
Table view
| Country | Legal, social, cultural and related associate professionals |
|---|---|
| Netherlands | 3.8% · 378 thousand · 2025 |
| United Kingdom | 3.6% · 1,235 thousand · 2025 |
| France | 3.5% · 1,039 thousand · 2025 |
| Finland | 3.3% · 84 thousand · 2025 |
| Switzerland | 2.9% · 139 thousand · 2025 |
| Malta | 2.6% · 9 thousand · 2025 |
| Luxembourg | 2.4% · 8 thousand · 2025 |
| Iceland | 2.3% · 5 thousand · 2025 |
| Ireland | 2.3% · 65 thousand · 2025 |
| Austria | 2.2% · 99 thousand · 2025 |
| Sweden | 2.2% · 115 thousand · 2025 |
| Hungary | 2.1% · 98 thousand · 2025 |
| Estonia | 1.9% · 14 thousand · 2025 |
| Norway | 1.9% · 55 thousand · 2025 |
| Belgium | 1.8% · 93 thousand · 2025 |
| Spain | 1.8% · 392 thousand · 2025 |
| Poland | 1.7% · 287 thousand · 2025 |
| Denmark | 1.6% · 50 thousand · 2025 |
| Lithuania | 1.5% · 23 thousand · 2025 |
| Portugal | 1.5% · 79 thousand · 2025 |
| Germany | 1.4% · 584 thousand · 2025 |
| Cyprus | 1.3% · 6 thousand · 2025 |
| Latvia | 1.3% · 11 thousand · 2025 |
| Italy | 1.2% · 296 thousand · 2025 |
| Greece | 1.2% · 53 thousand · 2025 |
| Czechia | 1.2% · 61 thousand · 2025 |
| Slovenia | 1.1% · 11 thousand · 2025 |
| Croatia | 0.9% · 15 thousand · 2025 |
| Slovakia | 0.9% · 22 thousand · 2025 |
| Bulgaria | 0.8% · 22 thousand · 2025 |
| Romania | 0.6% · 45 thousand · 2025 |
What do they earn?
Mean gross monthly earnings in the major occupational group (Technicians and associate professionals). Eurostat's earnings survey only publishes pay by occupation at 1 digit, so this is the job's broader group. Enterprises with 10+ employees, 2022.
By country, at purchasing power parity (PPS/month), so countries with different price levels can be compared.
- Switzerland5,280
- Luxembourg4,320
- Norway4,307
- Denmark4,301
- Ireland4,024
- Belgium3,903
- Iceland3,856
- Germany3,608
- Austria3,399
- Netherlands3,247
- EU273,226
- Italy3,127
- Sweden3,089
- Finland2,971
- France2,687
- Spain2,685
- Slovenia2,660
- Cyprus2,537
- Lithuania2,472
- Malta2,464
- Romania2,310
- Poland2,294
- Czechia2,275
- Estonia2,251
- Croatia2,127
- Latvia2,081
- Hungary2,054
- Greece2,050
- Portugal2,044
- Slovakia2,027
- Bulgaria1,738
Source: Eurostat Structure of Earnings Survey (earn_ses22_21), every four years. The United Kingdom is not covered by the survey.
Outlook to 2035
Employment in the Legal, social, cultural and related associate professionals group according to Cedefop's 2026 forecast.
thousand · Cedefop Skills Forecast 2026 · 2026–2035: projection
Replacement demand is the jobs left by people retiring or changing careers — even a shrinking occupation can have many openings.
Related occupations
Sources: ILO WP140 (2025) · Eurostat lfsa_egai2d · Cedefop Skills Forecast 2026 · WEF Future of Jobs 2025 · ESCO. The exposure score measures how much of an occupation's tasks generative AI could perform — not whether the job disappears. For information only, not career advice. How do we calculate this?