Health care assistants
In the ILO's assessment few of the job's tasks can be done by generative AI, or the scores are too spread out to reach gradient 1 — generative AI does not meaningfully take over the core of the work.
Exposure is not job loss: it shows how much of the work generative AI could do today. Whether that turns into transformation, productivity gains or cuts depends on employers, regulation — and on you.
0 = today’s generative AI cannot perform any of the job’s tasks, 100 = it could do all of them fully. The pale band is the spread across tasks.
Work out your own score ↓What can you do?
The AI analysis for this occupation is still being prepared — the background process covers a few occupations every day.
Task by task
The ILO scored every task of the occupation separately, as the average of two AI models (GPT-4o and Gemini). The pale band is the range between the two models' scores, the dot the ILO's final score (for a few tasks expert review placed it outside the band).
- Observing patients’ condition, responses and behaviour and reporting changes to a health professional.24
- Providing care, support and treatment to patients and residents of medical, rehabilitative and residential care facilities according to treatment plans established by medical, nursing and other health professionals17
- Assisting patients with personal and therapeutic care needs such as personal hygiene, feeding, dressing, physical mobility and exercise, communication, taking oral medications and changing dressings12
- Providing massage and other non-pharmacological pain relief measures, such as during pregnancy and labour12
- Maintaining patients' environmental hygiene standards, such as cleaning patient rooms and changing bed linen10
- Positioning, lifting and turning patients and transporting them in wheelchairs or on movable beds10
How much does it affect you?
Every job is different: mark which of these tasks you do and how much, and we'll compute your own, time-weighted score.
For each task: I don't do it · sometimes · most of my job.
- Observing patients’ condition, responses and behaviour and reporting changes to a health professional.(24)
- Providing care, support and treatment to patients and residents of medical, rehabilitative and residential care facilities according to treatment plans established by medical, nursing and other health professionals(17)
- Assisting patients with personal and therapeutic care needs such as personal hygiene, feeding, dressing, physical mobility and exercise, communication, taking oral medications and changing dressings(12)
- Providing massage and other non-pharmacological pain relief measures, such as during pregnancy and labour(12)
- Maintaining patients' environmental hygiene standards, such as cleaning patient rooms and changing bed linen(10)
- Positioning, lifting and turning patients and transporting them in wheelchairs or on movable beds(10)
You are exactly at the occupation average. (The occupation's score: 14.)
About 0% of your working time goes to highly exposed tasks (score ≥ 50).
- • Observing patients‚Äô condition, responses and behaviour and reporting changes to a health professional.
- • Providing care, support and treatment to patients and residents of medical, rehabilitative and residential care facilities according to treatment plans established by medical, nursing and other health professionals
- • Positioning, lifting and turning patients and transporting them in wheelchairs or on movable beds
- • Maintaining patients' environmental hygiene standards, such as cleaning patient rooms and changing bed linen
An estimate from the ILO task scores. Everything is computed in your browser — nothing is sent or stored.
How many people work in this occupational group?
Share of the Personal care workers group in total employment, by country (Eurostat, ISCO 2-digit — 4-digit breakdowns are not public by country).
Table view
| Country | Personal care workers |
|---|---|
| Norway | 8.8% · 254 thousand · 2025 |
| Sweden | 8.3% · 439 thousand · 2025 |
| Denmark | 7.6% · 235 thousand · 2025 |
| Finland | 7.5% · 196 thousand · 2025 |
| United Kingdom | 6.5% · 2,229 thousand · 2025 |
| Iceland | 6.3% · 14 thousand · 2025 |
| Malta | 5.8% · 19 thousand · 2025 |
| Ireland | 5.5% · 155 thousand · 2025 |
| Portugal | 4.7% · 248 thousand · 2025 |
| France | 4.7% · 1,366 thousand · 2025 |
| Netherlands | 4.4% · 435 thousand · 2025 |
| Spain | 3.9% · 866 thousand · 2025 |
| Austria | 3.5% · 158 thousand · 2025 |
| Belgium | 3.4% · 173 thousand · 2025 |
| Czechia | 3.2% · 168 thousand · 2025 |
| Italy | 3.2% · 765 thousand · 2025 |
| Switzerland | 3.0% · 147 thousand · 2025 |
| Latvia | 2.9% · 26 thousand · 2025 |
| Estonia | 2.6% · 18 thousand · 2025 |
| Slovakia | 2.6% · 67 thousand · 2025 |
| Bulgaria | 2.5% · 72 thousand · 2025 |
| Slovenia | 2.3% · 23 thousand · 2025 |
| Luxembourg | 2.2% · 7 thousand · 2025 |
| Germany | 2.1% · 909 thousand · 2025 |
| Lithuania | 2.1% · 30 thousand · 2025 |
| Croatia | 1.9% · 33 thousand · 2025 |
| Romania | 1.9% · 145 thousand · 2025 |
| Cyprus | 1.6% · 8 thousand · 2025 |
| Hungary | 1.6% · 76 thousand · 2025 |
| Poland | 1.3% · 231 thousand · 2025 |
| Greece | 0.9% · 40 thousand · 2025 |
What do they earn?
Mean gross monthly earnings in the major occupational group (Service and sales workers). Eurostat's earnings survey only publishes pay by occupation at 1 digit, so this is the job's broader group. Enterprises with 10+ employees, 2022.
By country, at purchasing power parity (PPS/month), so countries with different price levels can be compared.
- Switzerland3,559
- Ireland2,981
- Iceland2,762
- Norway2,734
- Luxembourg2,698
- Belgium2,689
- Denmark2,619
- Germany2,310
- Sweden2,292
- Finland2,182
- Netherlands2,147
- Austria2,135
- EU272,105
- France2,099
- Italy2,088
- Slovenia1,822
- Malta1,773
- Spain1,759
- Lithuania1,577
- Czechia1,467
- Poland1,464
- Croatia1,458
- Greece1,421
- Cyprus1,410
- Slovakia1,403
- Romania1,372
- Hungary1,299
- Estonia1,266
- Portugal1,202
- Latvia1,186
- Bulgaria917
Source: Eurostat Structure of Earnings Survey (earn_ses22_21), every four years. The United Kingdom is not covered by the survey.
Outlook to 2035
Employment in the Personal care workers group according to Cedefop's 2026 forecast.
thousand · Cedefop Skills Forecast 2026 · 2026–2035: projection
Replacement demand is the jobs left by people retiring or changing careers — even a shrinking occupation can have many openings.
Related occupations
Sources: ILO WP140 (2025) · Eurostat lfsa_egai2d · Cedefop Skills Forecast 2026 · WEF Future of Jobs 2025 · ESCO. The exposure score measures how much of an occupation's tasks generative AI could perform — not whether the job disappears. For information only, not career advice. How do we calculate this?