Coding, proof-reading and related clerks
Most tasks score high and the scores agree. Expect the role to be reorganised.
Exposure is not job loss: it shows how much of the work generative AI could do today. Whether that turns into transformation, productivity gains or cuts depends on employers, regulation — and on you.
0 = today’s generative AI cannot perform any of the job’s tasks, 100 = it could do all of them fully. The pale band is the spread across tasks.
Work out your own score ↓What can you do?
🤖 Written with AIThis text was written by artificial intelligence from the data points shown; it is built on verified figures but may contain mistakes.· 13/10/2026How is it made?
With an exposure score of 51/100, this role faces significant automation in structured data coding and proof comparison. While group employment is projected to decline, strong replacement demand sustains the need for meticulous human oversight.
What changes
- Automated systems increasingly handle classifying data and converting source information into standardized codes.
- AI proofing tools rapidly match draft proofs against originals to detect typographical errors.
- Digital collation and automated document management streamline sorting files and assembling page sets.
What stays human
- Resolving editorial nuances, cultural context, and ambiguous phrasing that automated proofing tools misinterpret.
- Handling complex data classification exceptions and resolving conflicting categorization rules.
- Physical handling, manual collation of sensitive records, and final print sign-off verification.
What to learn
- Auditing and configuring AI-driven proofreading tools and automated text-comparison platforms.
- Mastering specialized domain taxonomies, advanced metadata schemas, or regulated coding systems.
- Prepress quality assurance, digital typography standards, and digital publishing production workflows.
Task by task
The ILO scored every task of the occupation separately, as the average of two AI models (GPT-4o and Gemini). The pale band is the range between the two models' scores, the dot the ILO's final score (for a few tasks expert review placed it outside the band).
- Converting information into codes and classifying information by codes for data-processing purposes70
- Comparing proofs of texts and related material prepared for printing with original material, correcting errors and marking texts for printer according to the established rules68
- Sorting documents for filing or to collate sets of pages60
- Sorting forms and marking them with identification numbers35
- Addressing circulars and envelopes by hand.25
How much does it affect you?
Every job is different: mark which of these tasks you do and how much, and we'll compute your own, time-weighted score.
For each task: I don't do it · sometimes · most of my job.
- Converting information into codes and classifying information by codes for data-processing purposes(70)
- Comparing proofs of texts and related material prepared for printing with original material, correcting errors and marking texts for printer according to the established rules(68)
- Sorting documents for filing or to collate sets of pages(60)
- Sorting forms and marking them with identification numbers(35)
- Addressing circulars and envelopes by hand.(25)
You are exactly at the occupation average. (The occupation's score: 51.)
About 60% of your working time goes to highly exposed tasks (score ≥ 50).
- • Converting information into codes and classifying information by codes for data-processing purposes
- • Comparing proofs of texts and related material prepared for printing with original material, correcting errors and marking texts for printer according to the established rules
- • Addressing circulars and envelopes by hand.
- • Sorting forms and marking them with identification numbers
An estimate from the ILO task scores. Everything is computed in your browser — nothing is sent or stored.
How many people work in this occupational group?
Share of the Other clerical support workers group in total employment, by country (Eurostat, ISCO 2-digit — 4-digit breakdowns are not public by country).
Table view
| Country | Other clerical support workers |
|---|---|
| Ireland | 2.8% · 79 thousand · 2025 |
| United Kingdom | 2.5% · 865 thousand · 2025 |
| Switzerland | 1.6% · 78 thousand · 2025 |
| Belgium | 1.3% · 66 thousand · 2025 |
| Germany | 1.1% · 451 thousand · 2025 |
| Netherlands | 1.0% · 94 thousand · 2025 |
| Slovenia | 0.9% · 9 thousand · 2025 |
| France | 0.9% · 259 thousand · 2025 |
| Italy | 0.8% · 198 thousand · 2025 |
| Estonia | 0.8% · 6 thousand · 2025 |
| Finland | 0.8% · 21 thousand · 2025 |
| Bulgaria | 0.8% · 23 thousand · 2025 |
| Hungary | 0.7% · 34 thousand · 2025 |
| Lithuania | 0.7% · 11 thousand · 2025 |
| Denmark | 0.7% · 22 thousand · 2025 |
| Slovakia | 0.7% · 18 thousand · 2025 |
| Czechia | 0.7% · 34 thousand · 2025 |
| Austria | 0.6% · 28 thousand · 2025 |
| Sweden | 0.5% · 28 thousand · 2025 |
| Greece | 0.5% · 21 thousand · 2025 |
| Malta | 0.5% · 2 thousand · 2025 |
| Romania | 0.4% · 34 thousand · 2025 |
| Cyprus | 0.4% · 2 thousand · 2025 |
| Poland | 0.4% · 70 thousand · 2025 |
| Spain | 0.3% · 78 thousand · 2025 |
| Croatia | 0.3% · 6 thousand · 2025 |
| Portugal | 0.2% · 13 thousand · 2025 |
| Norway | 0.2% · 7 thousand · 2025 |
| Iceland | 0.2% · 1 thousand · 2025 |
What do they earn?
Mean gross monthly earnings in the major occupational group (Clerical support workers). Eurostat's earnings survey only publishes pay by occupation at 1 digit, so this is the job's broader group. Enterprises with 10+ employees, 2022.
By country, at purchasing power parity (PPS/month), so countries with different price levels can be compared.
- Switzerland4,326
- Luxembourg3,358
- Denmark3,338
- Belgium3,291
- Norway3,160
- Germany2,927
- Ireland2,900
- Iceland2,825
- Austria2,768
- Netherlands2,680
- EU272,590
- Italy2,521
- Sweden2,451
- Finland2,386
- Spain2,121
- Slovenia2,111
- Malta2,089
- Lithuania2,049
- France2,018
- Croatia1,847
- Greece1,837
- Poland1,796
- Romania1,755
- Estonia1,740
- Czechia1,725
- Cyprus1,685
- Hungary1,682
- Latvia1,617
- Slovakia1,583
- Portugal1,421
- Bulgaria1,203
Source: Eurostat Structure of Earnings Survey (earn_ses22_21), every four years. The United Kingdom is not covered by the survey.
Outlook to 2035
Employment in the Other clerical support workers group according to Cedefop's 2026 forecast.
thousand · Cedefop Skills Forecast 2026 · 2026–2035: projection
Replacement demand is the jobs left by people retiring or changing careers — even a shrinking occupation can have many openings.
Related occupations
Sources: ILO WP140 (2025) · Eurostat lfsa_egai2d · Cedefop Skills Forecast 2026 · WEF Future of Jobs 2025 · ESCO. The exposure score measures how much of an occupation's tasks generative AI could perform — not whether the job disappears. For information only, not career advice. How do we calculate this?